鲶鱼效应(Catfish Effect) ，也称鲇鱼效应(Weever Effect)
什么是鲶鱼效应
挪威人爱吃沙丁鱼，挪威人在海上捕得沙丁鱼后，如果能让他活着抵港，卖价就会比死鱼高好几倍。但是，由于沙丁鱼生性懒惰，不爱运动，返航的路途又很长，因此捕捞到的沙丁鱼往往一回到码头就死了，即使有些活的，也是奄奄一息。只有一位渔民的沙丁鱼总是活的，而且很生猛，所以他赚的钱也比别人的多。该渔民严守成功秘密，直到他死后，人们才打开他的鱼槽，发现只不过是多了一条鲶鱼。原来当鲶鱼装入鱼槽后，由于环境陌生，就会四处游动，而沙丁鱼发现这一异已分子后，也会紧张起来，加速游动，如此一来，沙丁鱼便活着回到港口。这就是所谓的“鲶鱼效应”。这一效应，即是通过个体的“中途介入”，对群体起到竞争作用。

Catfish Effect
The catfish effect is the effect that a strong competitor has in causing the weak to better themselves.
In Norway, live sardines are a few times more expensive than frozen ones. It was said that only one ship could bring live Sardine home, and the ship master kept his method a secret. When he later died, people found that there was one catfish in the container. The catfish keeps swimming and the sardine becomes very active to avoid direct contact with this Catfish.
In human resource management, this is a method used to motivate a team so that each member feels a strong competition, thus keeping up the competitiveness of the whole team.